Evolución histórica y resiliencia del sistema financiero islámico: desafíos éticos y adaptación en un entorno global de altos tipos de interés
Palabras clave:
Finanzas islámicas, Sharía, Mercado interbancario, riba, tipos de interés, sostenibilidadResumen
La investigación analiza la evolución histórica y la resiliencia del sistema financiero islámico ante los desafíos planteados por el aumento de los tipos de interés en el mercado interbancario global. Se destaca la riqueza de la tradición jurídica islámica en materia financiera, con las contribuciones de las escuelas de pensamiento sunníes, chiíes y sufíes. A pesar de los retos, el sistema financiero islámico ha demostrado capacidad de adaptación e innovación, desarrollando estructuras contractuales alternativas que le permiten participar en el mercado financiero internacional sin comprometer sus principios religiosos fundamentales. Su enfoque en la ética, la justicia social y la estabilidad financiera lo convierte en una alternativa atractiva, tanto para inversores musulmanes como no musulmanes, en la búsqueda de modelos más sostenibles. No obstante, se señala la necesidad de una mayor estandarización y armonización de las prácticas financieras islámicas a nivel global. El futuro del sistema dependerá de su habilidad para equilibrar la fidelidad a sus principios con la innovación y adaptación a un entorno financiero cambiante. En conjunto, el estudio subraya la relevancia de comprender y valorar la complejidad y riqueza del sistema financiero islámico, que puede aportar lecciones valiosas al debate global sobre la ética y la sostenibilidad en las finanzas.
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