Dietrich I von Mörs (1226-1262). Paradigmatic example of the new medieval German nobility after the era of Innocent III

Miguel Sancho Gómez

Autores/as

Miguel Sancho Gómez Universidad Católica de Murcia (España)

Palabras clave:

Inocencio III, Sacro Imperio, condado de Moers, Investiduras, Edad Media alemana, Papado

Resumen

Uno de los aspectos más importantes de la política exterior del papa Inocencio III fue su relación con el Imperio; como gran jurista y experto en teología, comenzó un movimiento por el cual se consideraba guardián y defensor de las almas de toda la Cristiandad, mientras que los príncipes laicos eran solamente los defensores físicos de sus vasallos. Se reservaba así el derecho a intervenir en política dentro de los territorios cristianos, y respetando la capacidad de los Electores (tres de los cuales eran a su vez príncipes eclesiásticos) se afirmó en su derecho de ratificar esa elección (o no), pues el mismo Imperio procedía en principio y por su propia motivación a la Iglesia. Así, tras la muerte de Enrique VI en 1197, Inocencio III impuso su gran autoridad para erigirse en árbitro y juez de los pretendientes al trono. El posterior conflicto entre el ya usurpador Otón IV y Felipe Augusto de Francia (batalla del Domingo de Bouvines, en 1214), transformó definitivamente las relaciones entre papado e Imperio, dejando profundas huellas en las tierras alemanas y una configuración política e institucional que nos proponemos demarcar con el ilustrativo ejemplo de los condes de Mörs.

Palabras clave: Inocencio III; Sacro Imperio; condado de Moers; Investiduras; Edad Media alemana; Papado.

Citas

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